3.1.96 \(\int \frac {x^4}{(a x+b x^3+c x^5)^2} \, dx\) [96]
Optimal. Leaf size=221 \[ -\frac {x \left (b+2 c x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}+\frac {\sqrt {c} \left (2 b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac {\sqrt {c} \left (2 b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \]
[Out]
-1/2*x*(2*c*x^2+b)/(-4*a*c+b^2)/(c*x^4+b*x^2+a)+1/2*arctan(x*2^(1/2)*c^(1/2)/(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2))*c^(
1/2)*(2*b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(3/2)*2^(1/2)/(b-(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2)-1/2*arctan(x*2^(1/2)*c^(
1/2)/(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))^(1/2))*c^(1/2)*(2*b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(3/2)*2^(1/2)/(b+(-4*a*c+b^2)
^(1/2))^(1/2)
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.17, antiderivative size = 221, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 5, number of rules used = 4, integrand size = 20, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.200, Rules used = {1599, 1133,
1180, 211} \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {c} \left (2 b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac {\sqrt {c} \left (\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+2 b\right ) \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}}-\frac {x \left (b+2 c x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
Int[x^4/(a*x + b*x^3 + c*x^5)^2,x]
[Out]
-1/2*(x*(b + 2*c*x^2))/((b^2 - 4*a*c)*(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4)) + (Sqrt[c]*(2*b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2
]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*(b^2 - 4*a*c)^(3/2)*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) - (Sqrt[c
]*(2*b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*(b^2 - 4*a*c)^(3
/2)*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]])
Rule 211
Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(Rt[a/b, 2]/a)*ArcTan[x/Rt[a/b, 2]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x]
&& PosQ[a/b]
Rule 1133
Int[((d_.)*(x_))^(m_.)*((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4)^(p_), x_Symbol] :> Simp[d*(d*x)^(m - 1)*(b + 2*c*x
^2)*((a + b*x^2 + c*x^4)^(p + 1)/(2*(p + 1)*(b^2 - 4*a*c))), x] - Dist[d^2/(2*(p + 1)*(b^2 - 4*a*c)), Int[(d*x
)^(m - 2)*(b*(m - 1) + 2*c*(m + 4*p + 5)*x^2)*(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4)^(p + 1), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d}, x] &&
NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && LtQ[p, -1] && GtQ[m, 1] && LeQ[m, 3] && IntegerQ[2*p] && (IntegerQ[p] || IntegerQ[m])
Rule 1180
Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_)^2)/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2 + (c_.)*(x_)^4), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = Rt[b^2 - 4*a*c, 2]}, Di
st[e/2 + (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q), Int[1/(b/2 - q/2 + c*x^2), x], x] + Dist[e/2 - (2*c*d - b*e)/(2*q), Int[1/(b/2 +
q/2 + c*x^2), x], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] && NeQ[c*d^2 - a*e^2, 0] && PosQ[b^
2 - 4*a*c]
Rule 1599
Int[(u_.)*(x_)^(m_.)*((a_.)*(x_)^(p_.) + (b_.)*(x_)^(q_.) + (c_.)*(x_)^(r_.))^(n_.), x_Symbol] :> Int[u*x^(m +
n*p)*(a + b*x^(q - p) + c*x^(r - p))^n, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, m, p, q, r}, x] && IntegerQ[n] && PosQ[q - p] &
& PosQ[r - p]
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {x^4}{\left (a x+b x^3+c x^5\right )^2} \, dx &=\int \frac {x^2}{\left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )^2} \, dx\\ &=-\frac {x \left (b+2 c x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}+\frac {\int \frac {b-2 c x^2}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}\\ &=-\frac {x \left (b+2 c x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {\left (c \left (1+\frac {2 b}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\frac {b}{2}+\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )}+\frac {\left (c \left (2 b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right )\right ) \int \frac {1}{\frac {b}{2}-\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2}}\\ &=-\frac {x \left (b+2 c x^2\right )}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}+\frac {\sqrt {c} \left (2 b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac {\sqrt {c} \left (2 b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.28, size = 222, normalized size = 1.00 \begin {gather*} \frac {-b x-2 c x^3}{2 \left (b^2-4 a c\right ) \left (a+b x^2+c x^4\right )}-\frac {\sqrt {c} \left (-2 b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}-\frac {\sqrt {c} \left (2 b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} x}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \left (b^2-4 a c\right )^{3/2} \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
Integrate[x^4/(a*x + b*x^3 + c*x^5)^2,x]
[Out]
(-(b*x) - 2*c*x^3)/(2*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*(a + b*x^2 + c*x^4)) - (Sqrt[c]*(-2*b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]
*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*(b^2 - 4*a*c)^(3/2)*Sqrt[b - Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]) - (Sqrt[c]
*(2*b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c])*ArcTan[(Sqrt[2]*Sqrt[c]*x)/Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]]])/(Sqrt[2]*(b^2 - 4*a*c)^(3/
2)*Sqrt[b + Sqrt[b^2 - 4*a*c]])
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Maple [A]
time = 0.08, size = 271, normalized size = 1.23
| | |
| method |
result |
size |
| | |
| risch |
\(\frac {\frac {c \,x^{3}}{4 a c -b^{2}}+\frac {b x}{8 a c -2 b^{2}}}{c \,x^{4}+b \,x^{2}+a}+\frac {\left (\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (c \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+\textit {\_Z}^{2} b +a \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\frac {2 c \,\textit {\_R}^{2}}{4 a c -b^{2}}-\frac {b}{4 a c -b^{2}}\right ) \ln \left (x -\textit {\_R} \right )}{2 c \,\textit {\_R}^{3}+\textit {\_R} b}\right )}{4}\) |
\(122\) |
| default |
\(16 c^{2} \left (\frac {\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, x}{8 c \left (x^{2}+\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}+\frac {b}{2 c}\right )}+\frac {\left (b +\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {2}\, \arctan \left (\frac {c x \sqrt {2}}{\sqrt {\left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) c}}\right )}{4 \sqrt {\left (b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) c}}}{4 c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}+\frac {\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\, x}{8 c \left (x^{2}+\frac {b}{2 c}-\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2 c}\right )}-\frac {\left (-b +\frac {\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}{2}\right ) \sqrt {2}\, \arctanh \left (\frac {c x \sqrt {2}}{\sqrt {\left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) c}}\right )}{4 \sqrt {\left (-b +\sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}\right ) c}}}{4 c \left (4 a c -b^{2}\right ) \sqrt {-4 a c +b^{2}}}\right )\) |
\(271\) |
| | |
|
|
|
|
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
int(x^4/(c*x^5+b*x^3+a*x)^2,x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)
[Out]
16*c^2*(1/4/c/(4*a*c-b^2)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*(1/8/c*(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*x/(x^2+1/2/c*(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)+1/2*b/c
)+1/4*(b+1/2*(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctan(c*x*2^(1/2)/((b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^
(1/2))*c)^(1/2)))+1/4/c/(4*a*c-b^2)/(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*(1/8/c*(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2)*x/(x^2+1/2*b/c-1/2/c*(-4*a*c+
b^2)^(1/2))-1/4*(-b+1/2*(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*2^(1/2)/((-b+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2)*arctanh(c*x*2^(1/2)/((-b
+(-4*a*c+b^2)^(1/2))*c)^(1/2))))
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
integrate(x^4/(c*x^5+b*x^3+a*x)^2,x, algorithm="maxima")
[Out]
-1/2*(2*c*x^3 + b*x)/((b^2*c - 4*a*c^2)*x^4 + a*b^2 - 4*a^2*c + (b^3 - 4*a*b*c)*x^2) - 1/2*integrate((2*c*x^2
- b)/(c*x^4 + b*x^2 + a), x)/(b^2 - 4*a*c)
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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1680 vs.
\(2 (180) = 360\).
time = 0.39, size = 1680, normalized size = 7.60 \begin {gather*} -\frac {4 \, c x^{3} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left ({\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x^{4} + a b^{2} - 4 \, a^{2} c + {\left (b^{3} - 4 \, a b c\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b^{3} + 12 \, a b c + \frac {a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}}{a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}} \log \left ({\left (3 \, b^{2} c + 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x + \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b^{5} - 8 \, a b^{3} c + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{2} - \frac {a b^{8} - 8 \, a^{2} b^{6} c + 128 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{3} - 256 \, a^{5} c^{4}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b^{3} + 12 \, a b c + \frac {a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}}{a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}}\right ) - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left ({\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x^{4} + a b^{2} - 4 \, a^{2} c + {\left (b^{3} - 4 \, a b c\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b^{3} + 12 \, a b c + \frac {a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}}{a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}} \log \left ({\left (3 \, b^{2} c + 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x - \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b^{5} - 8 \, a b^{3} c + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{2} - \frac {a b^{8} - 8 \, a^{2} b^{6} c + 128 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{3} - 256 \, a^{5} c^{4}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b^{3} + 12 \, a b c + \frac {a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}}{a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}}\right ) + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left ({\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x^{4} + a b^{2} - 4 \, a^{2} c + {\left (b^{3} - 4 \, a b c\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b^{3} + 12 \, a b c - \frac {a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}}{a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}} \log \left ({\left (3 \, b^{2} c + 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x + \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b^{5} - 8 \, a b^{3} c + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{2} + \frac {a b^{8} - 8 \, a^{2} b^{6} c + 128 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{3} - 256 \, a^{5} c^{4}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b^{3} + 12 \, a b c - \frac {a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}}{a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}}\right ) - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left ({\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x^{4} + a b^{2} - 4 \, a^{2} c + {\left (b^{3} - 4 \, a b c\right )} x^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b^{3} + 12 \, a b c - \frac {a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}}{a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}} \log \left ({\left (3 \, b^{2} c + 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x - \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b^{5} - 8 \, a b^{3} c + 16 \, a^{2} b c^{2} + \frac {a b^{8} - 8 \, a^{2} b^{6} c + 128 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{3} - 256 \, a^{5} c^{4}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {b^{3} + 12 \, a b c - \frac {a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}{\sqrt {a^{2} b^{6} - 12 \, a^{3} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{4} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{5} c^{3}}}}{a b^{6} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{4} c + 48 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} - 64 \, a^{4} c^{3}}}\right ) + 2 \, b x}{4 \, {\left ({\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} x^{4} + a b^{2} - 4 \, a^{2} c + {\left (b^{3} - 4 \, a b c\right )} x^{2}\right )}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
integrate(x^4/(c*x^5+b*x^3+a*x)^2,x, algorithm="fricas")
[Out]
-1/4*(4*c*x^3 + sqrt(1/2)*((b^2*c - 4*a*c^2)*x^4 + a*b^2 - 4*a^2*c + (b^3 - 4*a*b*c)*x^2)*sqrt(-(b^3 + 12*a*b*
c + (a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5
*c^3))/(a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3))*log((3*b^2*c + 4*a*c^2)*x + 1/2*sqrt(1/2)*(b^5 -
8*a*b^3*c + 16*a^2*b*c^2 - (a*b^8 - 8*a^2*b^6*c + 128*a^4*b^2*c^3 - 256*a^5*c^4)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c +
48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))*sqrt(-(b^3 + 12*a*b*c + (a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3)/sq
rt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))/(a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3)
)) - sqrt(1/2)*((b^2*c - 4*a*c^2)*x^4 + a*b^2 - 4*a^2*c + (b^3 - 4*a*b*c)*x^2)*sqrt(-(b^3 + 12*a*b*c + (a*b^6
- 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))/(a*b
^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3))*log((3*b^2*c + 4*a*c^2)*x - 1/2*sqrt(1/2)*(b^5 - 8*a*b^3*c +
16*a^2*b*c^2 - (a*b^8 - 8*a^2*b^6*c + 128*a^4*b^2*c^3 - 256*a^5*c^4)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^4*b^2
*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))*sqrt(-(b^3 + 12*a*b*c + (a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3)/sqrt(a^2*b^6
- 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))/(a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3))) + sqrt(1
/2)*((b^2*c - 4*a*c^2)*x^4 + a*b^2 - 4*a^2*c + (b^3 - 4*a*b*c)*x^2)*sqrt(-(b^3 + 12*a*b*c - (a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^
4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))/(a*b^6 - 12*a^2
*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3))*log((3*b^2*c + 4*a*c^2)*x + 1/2*sqrt(1/2)*(b^5 - 8*a*b^3*c + 16*a^2*b*c
^2 + (a*b^8 - 8*a^2*b^6*c + 128*a^4*b^2*c^3 - 256*a^5*c^4)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a
^5*c^3))*sqrt(-(b^3 + 12*a*b*c - (a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^
4*c + 48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))/(a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3))) - sqrt(1/2)*((b^2*c
- 4*a*c^2)*x^4 + a*b^2 - 4*a^2*c + (b^3 - 4*a*b*c)*x^2)*sqrt(-(b^3 + 12*a*b*c - (a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^
3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))/(a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48
*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3))*log((3*b^2*c + 4*a*c^2)*x - 1/2*sqrt(1/2)*(b^5 - 8*a*b^3*c + 16*a^2*b*c^2 + (a*b^8
- 8*a^2*b^6*c + 128*a^4*b^2*c^3 - 256*a^5*c^4)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))*sq
rt(-(b^3 + 12*a*b*c - (a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3)/sqrt(a^2*b^6 - 12*a^3*b^4*c + 48*a^
4*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^5*c^3))/(a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3))) + 2*b*x)/((b^2*c - 4*a*c^2)*x^
4 + a*b^2 - 4*a^2*c + (b^3 - 4*a*b*c)*x^2)
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Sympy [F(-1)] Timed out
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Timed out} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
integrate(x**4/(c*x**5+b*x**3+a*x)**2,x)
[Out]
Timed out
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Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1970 vs.
\(2 (180) = 360\).
time = 7.96, size = 1970, normalized size = 8.91 \begin {gather*} \text {Too large to display} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
integrate(x^4/(c*x^5+b*x^3+a*x)^2,x, algorithm="giac")
[Out]
-1/2*(2*c*x^3 + b*x)/((c*x^4 + b*x^2 + a)*(b^2 - 4*a*c)) + 1/8*(4*b^6*c^2 - 32*a*b^4*c^3 + 64*a^2*b^2*c^4 - 2*
sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^6 + 16*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b
^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^4*c + 4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^5*c - 32*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b
^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 16*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4
*a*c)*c)*a*b^3*c^2 - 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^4*c^2 + 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2
- 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^2*c^3 - 4*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*b^4*c^2 + 16*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*a*b^2*c^3 - (2
*b^2*c^2 - 8*a*c^3 - sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^2 + 4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*
c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*c + 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b*c - sqr
t(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*c^2 - 2*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c^2)*(b^2 - 4*a*c)^2 + (sqrt(2)*s
qrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^5 - 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^3*c - 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c +
sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^4*c - 2*b^5*c + 16*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a^2*b*c^2 + 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b
*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^2*c^2 + sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^3*c^2 + 16*a*b^3*c^2 - 4*sqrt(
2)*sqrt(b*c + sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b*c^3 - 32*a^2*b*c^3 + 2*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*b^3*c - 8*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*a*b*c^2)*a
bs(b^2 - 4*a*c))*arctan(2*sqrt(1/2)*x/sqrt((b^3 - 4*a*b*c + sqrt((b^3 - 4*a*b*c)^2 - 4*(a*b^2 - 4*a^2*c)*(b^2*
c - 4*a*c^2)))/(b^2*c - 4*a*c^2)))/((a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c - 2*a*b^5*c + 48*a^3*b^2*c^2 + 16*a^2*b^3*c^2 + a*b^
4*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3 - 32*a^3*b*c^3 - 8*a^2*b^2*c^3 + 16*a^3*c^4)*abs(b^2 - 4*a*c)*abs(c)) - 1/8*(4*b^6*c^2 - 32
*a*b^4*c^3 + 64*a^2*b^2*c^4 - 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^6 + 16*sqrt(2)*sqr
t(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^4*c + 4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a
*c)*c)*b^5*c - 32*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 16*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2
- 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^3*c^2 - 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*
c)*b^4*c^2 + 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^2*c^3 - 4*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*b^4*c^2 +
16*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*a*b^2*c^3 - (2*b^2*c^2 - 8*a*c^3 - sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)
*b^2 + 4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*c + 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c
- sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b*c - sqrt(2)*sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*c^2 - 2*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c
^2)*(b^2 - 4*a*c)^2 - (sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^5 - 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)
*a*b^3*c - 2*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*b^4*c + 2*b^5*c + 16*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)
*c)*a^2*b*c^2 + 8*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b^2*c^2 + sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*
b^3*c^2 - 16*a*b^3*c^2 - 4*sqrt(2)*sqrt(b*c - sqrt(b^2 - 4*a*c)*c)*a*b*c^3 + 32*a^2*b*c^3 - 2*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*b^
3*c + 8*(b^2 - 4*a*c)*a*b*c^2)*abs(b^2 - 4*a*c))*arctan(2*sqrt(1/2)*x/sqrt((b^3 - 4*a*b*c - sqrt((b^3 - 4*a*b*
c)^2 - 4*(a*b^2 - 4*a^2*c)*(b^2*c - 4*a*c^2)))/(b^2*c - 4*a*c^2)))/((a*b^6 - 12*a^2*b^4*c - 2*a*b^5*c + 48*a^3
*b^2*c^2 + 16*a^2*b^3*c^2 + a*b^4*c^2 - 64*a^4*c^3 - 32*a^3*b*c^3 - 8*a^2*b^2*c^3 + 16*a^3*c^4)*abs(b^2 - 4*a*
c)*abs(c))
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Mupad [B]
time = 3.36, size = 2500, normalized size = 11.31 \begin {gather*} \text {Too large to display} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
int(x^4/(a*x + b*x^3 + c*x^5)^2,x)
[Out]
atan(((((8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 512*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4)/(4*(b^6 - 64*a^3*c^3 + 48*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 1
2*a*b^4*c)) + (x*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b
^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)
))^(1/2)*(8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 512*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4))/(b^4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b^2*c))*(((-(4*
a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*
a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2) - (x*(4*a*c^4 -
5*b^2*c^3))/(b^4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b^2*c))*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2
- 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5
*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2)*1i - (((8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 512*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4)/(4*(b
^6 - 64*a^3*c^3 + 48*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 12*a*b^4*c)) - (x*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2
*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 +
3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2)*(8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 512*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4))/(b^
4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b^2*c))*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c
^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*
a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2) + (x*(4*a*c^4 - 5*b^2*c^3))/(b^4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b^2*c))*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) -
b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b
^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2)*1i)/((4*a*c^4 + 3*b^2*c^3)/(2*(b^6 -
64*a^3*c^3 + 48*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 12*a*b^4*c)) + (((8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 512*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4)/(4
*(b^6 - 64*a^3*c^3 + 48*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 12*a*b^4*c)) + (x*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*
a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3
+ 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2)*(8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 512*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4))/
(b^4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b^2*c))*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^
3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 61
44*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2) - (x*(4*a*c^4 - 5*b^2*c^3))/(b^4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b^2*c))*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2)
- b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^
3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2) + (((8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 51
2*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4)/(4*(b^6 - 64*a^3*c^3 + 48*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 12*a*b^4*c)) - (x*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^
(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 2
40*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2)*(8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 5
12*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4))/(b^4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b^2*c))*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*
c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^
4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2) + (x*(4*a*c^4 - 5*b^2*c^3))/(b^4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b
^2*c))*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096
*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2)))
*(((-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - b^9 + 768*a^4*b*c^4 + 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 - 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c
^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2)*2i + at
an(((((8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 512*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4)/(4*(b^6 - 64*a^3*c^3 + 48*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 12*
a*b^4*c)) + (x*(-(b^9 + (-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - 768*a^4*b*c^4 - 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 + 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^
12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5))
)^(1/2)*(8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 512*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4))/(b^4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b^2*c))*(-(b^9 +
(-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - 768*a^4*b*c^4 - 96*a^2*b^5*c^2 + 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*
a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2) - (x*(4*a*c^4 -
5*b^2*c^3))/(b^4 + 16*a^2*c^2 - 8*a*b^2*c))*(-(b^9 + (-(4*a*c - b^2)^9)^(1/2) - 768*a^4*b*c^4 - 96*a^2*b^5*c^
2 + 512*a^3*b^3*c^3)/(32*(a*b^12 + 4096*a^7*c^6 - 24*a^2*b^10*c + 240*a^3*b^8*c^2 - 1280*a^4*b^6*c^3 + 3840*a^
5*b^4*c^4 - 6144*a^6*b^2*c^5)))^(1/2)*1i - (((8*b^7*c^2 - 96*a*b^5*c^3 - 512*a^3*b*c^5 + 384*a^2*b^3*c^4)/(4*(
b^6 - 64*a^3*c^3 + 48*a^2*b^2*c^2 - 12*a*b^4*c)...
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